“The previous chapter speaks of judgments against the ‘daughters of Zion.’ This one deals with those who have survived God’s judgments. The survivors are those who are the ‘escaped of Israel and Judah’ and have been ‘left in Zion,’ to be ‘written among the living in Jerusalem.’ The survivors will love and participate in the ordinances of the Lord’s temple, for they will be ‘called holy’ (the term holy is generally connected to the temple), their filth and iniquity will be removed, and the same elements (cloud, smoke, fire, glory) that attended and protected the ancient Israelite temples will exist among them in Zion” (Parry et al., Understanding Isaiah, 47).